100K Particles in 2ms in the Browser with WebGPU + Three.js TSL — The New Performance Benchmark Set by Compute Shaders and GPGPU

If you've ever built a particle system with WebGL and watched frames stutter the moment you crossed tens of thousands of particles, you know exactly what I'm talking about. Faced with the structural bottleneck of calculating positions on the CPU every frame, copying them to a buffer, and uploading them to the GPU, I eventually accepted "this is the ceiling for WebGL." But in 2026, that assumption has changed. WebGPU allows both physics simulation and rendering to be handled entirely inside the GPU via compute shaders — no CPU involvement — and running 100,000 particles in under 2ms in the browser is now possible on mid-range GPUs and above.

With the release of Safari 26 in September 2025, all major browsers — Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari — now support WebGPU by default, bringing global browser coverage to roughly 70%. There may still be a perception of it as an "experimental technology," but now is the right time to seriously consider production adoption. In particular, if you're a frontend developer with experience in WebGL or the Canvas API, the Three.js TSL bridge makes it possible to get started without learning WGSL from scratch.

Core Concepts

Why WebGPU Is Fundamentally Different from WebGL

WebGL is a web wrapper around OpenGL ES 2.0. It was revolutionary by 2011 standards, but it's out of step with 2020s GPU architectures, and its structure — where a CPU driver validates and translates GPU commands in real time — carries significant overhead. Most importantly, it has no compute shaders to run GPU parallel computation outside the rendering pipeline.

WebGPU brings the design philosophy of Direct3D 12, Metal, and Vulkan to the web.

	WebGL	WebGPU
Based on	OpenGL ES 2.0	D3D12 / Metal / Vulkan
Compute shaders	None	Supported
CPU overhead	High (driver validation)	Low (explicit control)
Multithreaded rendering	Not supported	Supported
Shader language	GLSL	WGSL
Memory control	Implicit	Explicit

Compute Shaders — This Is the Key

To be honest, most of WebGPU's other advantages are simply "better than WebGL," but compute shaders are a different dimension entirely. They allow parallel computation on GPU cores completely independent of the rendering pipeline.

Take a particle system as an example: in the traditional WebGL approach, the CPU updates each particle's position every frame and uploads it to GPU memory (VRAM) repeatedly. At 100,000 particles, the CPU simply can't keep up. With compute shaders, the GPU handles the position updates itself. The CPU only needs to send the command: "run the shader."

wgsl

// WGSL compute shader — particle position update
@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> positions: array<vec4f>;
@group(0) @binding(1) var<storage, read_write> velocities: array<vec4f>;
@group(0) @binding(2) var<uniform> params: SimParams;
 
@compute @workgroup_size(256)
fn main(@builtin(global_invocation_id) id: vec3u) {
  let i = id.x;
  if (i >= arrayLength(&positions)) { return; }
 
  var pos = positions[i];
  var vel = velocities[i];
 
  // Apply gravity
  vel.y -= params.gravity * params.deltaTime;
 
  // Update position
  pos += vel * params.deltaTime;
 
  positions[i] = pos;
  velocities[i] = vel;
}

workgroup_size(256): The GPU groups threads into workgroups for execution. This structure processes 256 particles simultaneously on GPU cores — fundamentally different from a CPU for loop.

TSL — You Don't Have to Write WGSL Directly

If WGSL feels unfamiliar and the learning curve feels steep, there's another entry point: Three.js TSL (Three Shader Language). You write GPU code in JavaScript syntax, and TSL compiles it to WGSL/GLSL. I honestly thought at first, "Is this actually running on the GPU?" It is.

javascript

import {
  Fn, float, instanceIndex, deltaTime, If
} from 'three/tsl';
 
// Looks like JavaScript, but executes on the GPU
const updateParticles = Fn(() => {
  const i = instanceIndex;
  const pos = positionBuffer.element(i);
  const vel = velocityBuffer.element(i);
 
  vel.y.addAssign(gravityUniform.mul(deltaTime).negate());
  pos.addAssign(vel.mul(deltaTime));
 
  positionBuffer.element(i).assign(pos);
  velocityBuffer.element(i).assign(vel);
})().compute(PARTICLE_COUNT);

TSL (Three Shader Language): A JavaScript-based shader DSL supported in Three.js r171+. It's an abstraction layer that lets you leverage the WebGPU compute pipeline without needing to learn WGSL.

Three.js WebGPURenderer — One Line to Swap the Renderer

The first thing I tried in Three.js r171 was swapping the renderer, and it really was just one line. With WebGL 2 automatic fallback included by default, compatibility concerns are greatly reduced as well.

javascript

// Previous WebGL
// import { WebGLRenderer } from 'three';
// const renderer = new WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true });
 
// Switch to WebGPU — this is all you change
import WebGPURenderer from 'three/addons/renderers/common/WebGPURenderer.js';
 
const renderer = new WebGPURenderer({ antialias: true });
await renderer.init(); // WebGPU requires async initialization
 
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);

Practical Application

Example 1: GPGPU Particle System (Three.js + TSL)

GPGPU (General Purpose GPU Computing) is an approach that offloads non-rendering computations — like physics or simulation — to the GPU. Here's a 100,000-particle example in a React Three Fiber + TSL structure you can use directly in production.

javascript

import * as THREE from 'three';
import WebGPURenderer from 'three/addons/renderers/common/WebGPURenderer.js';
// ※ The import path for StorageBufferAttribute may vary depending on the Three.js version
import StorageBufferAttribute from 'three/addons/renderers/common/StorageBufferAttribute.js';
import { Fn, instanceIndex, deltaTime, storage, float, If } from 'three/tsl';
 
const PARTICLE_COUNT = 100_000;
 
async function initGPGPU() {
  const renderer = new WebGPURenderer();
  await renderer.init();
 
  // scene and camera initialization omitted — same as standard Three.js scene setup
 
  // GPU storage buffers — resident in VRAM, not CPU memory
  const positions = new StorageBufferAttribute(
    new Float32Array(PARTICLE_COUNT * 4), 4
  );
  const velocities = new StorageBufferAttribute(
    new Float32Array(PARTICLE_COUNT * 4), 4
  );
 
  // Set initial data
  for (let i = 0; i < PARTICLE_COUNT; i++) {
    positions.setXYZW(i,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 10,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 10,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 10,
      1
    );
    velocities.setXYZW(i,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.1,
      Math.random() * 0.2,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.1,
      0
    );
  }
 
  const posStorage = storage(positions, 'vec4', PARTICLE_COUNT);
  const velStorage = storage(velocities, 'vec4', PARTICLE_COUNT);
 
  const computeUpdate = Fn(() => {
    const i = instanceIndex;
    const pos = posStorage.element(i);
    const vel = velStorage.element(i);
 
    // Gravity + air resistance
    vel.y.addAssign(float(-9.8).mul(deltaTime));
    vel.mulAssign(float(0.999));
    pos.addAssign(vel.mul(deltaTime));
 
    // Floor collision
    If(pos.y.lessThan(-5), () => {
      pos.y.assign(-5);
      vel.y.assign(vel.y.negate().mul(0.6));
    });
 
    posStorage.element(i).assign(pos);
    velStorage.element(i).assign(vel);
  })().compute(PARTICLE_COUNT);
 
  // Connect compute results directly to the render pipeline without copying
  const geometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
  geometry.setAttribute('position', positions);
 
  const material = new THREE.PointsMaterial({ size: 0.02, color: 0x88ccff });
  const particles = new THREE.Points(geometry, material);
 
  function animate() {
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);
    renderer.compute(computeUpdate); // Update positions on the GPU
    renderer.render(scene, camera);  // Render directly from the updated buffer
  }
 
  animate();
}

Code Point	Description
`StorageBufferAttribute`	A GPU buffer allocated directly in VRAM. No CPU↔GPU copying
`renderer.compute()`	Executes the compute shader. Operates independently of rendering
`geometry.setAttribute('position', positions)`	Connects compute results to the render pipeline without copying
`deltaTime`	Built-in TSL variable. Essential for frame-rate-independent physics

Compute shaders aren't all WebGPU has to offer. The shaders themselves have changed significantly too, and writing a dissolve animation in TSL makes that difference tangible.

Example 2: Noise-Based Text Dissolve Animation (TSL)

This is the effect you've been seeing on portfolios and landing pages lately — text that scatters into particles. It can be implemented by combining MSDF fonts (Multi-channel Signed Distance Field — a vector font rendering technique that stays crisp when scaled up) with a TSL noise shader.

javascript

import { MeshBasicNodeMaterial } from 'three/webgpu';
import {
  Fn, uniform, uv, time, vec4, vec3,
  mx_noise_float, smoothstep, mix
} from 'three/tsl';
 
const createDissolveShader = () => {
  const dissolveProgress = uniform(0); // 0 = original, 1 = fully dissolved
 
  const fragmentShader = Fn(() => {
    // uv is a built-in TSL node — no need to receive it as a parameter
    const noiseScale = uniform(5.0);
    const noiseValue = mx_noise_float(
      vec3(uv().mul(noiseScale), time.mul(0.5))
    );
 
    // Discard pixels based on noise threshold
    const threshold = dissolveProgress.add(noiseValue.mul(0.3));
    const alpha = smoothstep(threshold, threshold.add(0.1), noiseValue);
 
    // Edge glow effect — burning feel
    const edgeGlow = smoothstep(
      threshold.sub(0.05), threshold, noiseValue
    ).mul(vec4(0.3, 0.8, 1.0, 1.0)); // Cyan color glow
 
    return mix(vec4(1, 1, 1, alpha), edgeGlow, edgeGlow.w);
  });
 
  const material = new MeshBasicNodeMaterial();
  material.fragmentNode = fragmentShader;
  material.transparent = true;
 
  return { material, dissolveProgress };
};
 
// Animate the dissolve progress with GSAP
const { material, dissolveProgress } = createDissolveShader();
 
gsap.to(dissolveProgress, {
  value: 1,
  duration: 2,
  ease: 'power2.inOut'
});

uniform: A variable that passes values from the CPU to the GPU shader. Creating one with TSL's uniform() means that changing .value in JavaScript updates the shader parameter in real time.

Pros and Cons

Advantages

Item	Details
Dramatic performance gains	Based on byteiota benchmarks, roughly 10x more drawable objects in the same scene compared to WebGL (15,000 objects at 15FPS → 200,000 objects at 60FPS). Results vary by scene composition and hardware
Compute shaders	Physics and AI computation is fully offloaded from the main thread, preserving UI responsiveness
Zero-copy rendering	Compute results in VRAM are used directly for rendering without any CPU copy
Multithreaded command recording	Draw call overhead for complex scenes is distributed across multiple cores
W3C standard	Long-term API stability guaranteed. Low dependency on individual browser vendors

Disadvantages and Caveats

Item	Details	Mitigation
Browser compatibility	~70% global coverage as of 2026	Use WebGL 2 automatic fallback (provided by Three.js out of the box)
Learning curve	Requires understanding of GPU pipelines, buffer layouts, and shader concepts	Start with TSL, then gradually learn WGSL
No benefit for simple scenes	Limited gain when draw calls are few or shaders are simple	Apply only to highly parallel workloads like particles and simulations
Immature debugging tools	Small ecosystem of dedicated debuggers beyond Chrome DevTools	Use `webgpureport.org` to check per-device capabilities; rely on step-by-step logging
Mobile support	iOS requires Safari 26+, Android requires Chrome 121+ (Android 12+)	Fallback strategy is essential. Think carefully if mobile is your target

WGSL (WebGPU Shading Language): The official shader language for WebGPU. Inspired by Rust syntax, it has strong type safety and differs significantly from GLSL in syntax. If you use Three.js TSL, you don't need to write it directly.

The Most Common Mistakes in Practice

Writing WebGPU initialization as synchronous code — renderer.init() returns a Promise. If you set up the scene without await, draw calls fire before the renderer is ready and fail silently. After making this mistake once, you immediately grasp how critical it is to guarantee initialization order with async/await.
Keeping a structure that uploads GPU buffers from the CPU every frame — If you keep calling geometry.attributes.position.needsUpdate = true the WebGL way, you lose all the benefits of WebGPU. The key is to design from the start so animation data lives in VRAM via StorageBufferAttribute and is updated only by compute shaders.
Assigning too many threads to a single workgroup — Arbitrarily inflating the workgroup size, like @compute @workgroup_size(1024), exceeds limits on some GPUs. Most GPUs recommend 256–512 threads per workgroup, and you can check the per-device limit with device.limits.maxComputeInvocationsPerWorkgroup.

Closing Thoughts

100,000 particles is a realistic starting point today, and with workgroup tuning and instancing, 1,000,000 is a fully achievable goal. The Three.js r171 + TSL combination is significantly lowering that barrier to entry, and I'm already applying it in some production projects.

Even if you don't have a project that needs large-scale particles right now, starting small today means you'll be able to respond much faster when performance issues arise later.

Check browser compatibility first — Visit webgpureport.org to see at a glance what WebGPU features and limits your current device supports. If you're on Chrome 113+ or Safari 26+, you can start right away.
Set up a blank WebGPU scene with Three.js r171 — Install with pnpm add three, then try getting a scene up with WebGPURenderer. If you have existing Three.js experience, swapping the renderer is all it takes to get your first WebGPU experience.
Take Wawa Sensei's GPGPU Particle Course — A free course that walks through React Three Fiber + TSL + WebGPU GPGPU step by step. If you're new to compute shaders, this order is the most natural path.

References

#WebGPU#ThreeJS#컴퓨트셰이더#GPGPU#TSL#WGSL#파티클시스템#WebGL#ReactThreeFiber#MSDF

frontend

100K Particles in 2ms in the Browser with WebGPU + Three.js TSL — The New Performance Benchmark Set by Compute Shaders and GPGPU

Core Concepts

Why WebGPU Is Fundamentally Different from WebGL

WebGPU brings the design philosophy of Direct3D 12, Metal, and Vulkan to the web.

	WebGL	WebGPU
Based on	OpenGL ES 2.0	D3D12 / Metal / Vulkan
Compute shaders	None	Supported
CPU overhead	High (driver validation)	Low (explicit control)
Multithreaded rendering	Not supported	Supported
Shader language	GLSL	WGSL
Memory control	Implicit	Explicit

Compute Shaders — This Is the Key

wgsl

// WGSL compute shader — particle position update
@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> positions: array<vec4f>;
@group(0) @binding(1) var<storage, read_write> velocities: array<vec4f>;
@group(0) @binding(2) var<uniform> params: SimParams;
 
@compute @workgroup_size(256)
fn main(@builtin(global_invocation_id) id: vec3u) {
  let i = id.x;
  if (i >= arrayLength(&positions)) { return; }
 
  var pos = positions[i];
  var vel = velocities[i];
 
  // Apply gravity
  vel.y -= params.gravity * params.deltaTime;
 
  // Update position
  pos += vel * params.deltaTime;
 
  positions[i] = pos;
  velocities[i] = vel;
}

workgroup_size(256): The GPU groups threads into workgroups for execution. This structure processes 256 particles simultaneously on GPU cores — fundamentally different from a CPU for loop.

TSL — You Don't Have to Write WGSL Directly

javascript

import {
  Fn, float, instanceIndex, deltaTime, If
} from 'three/tsl';
 
// Looks like JavaScript, but executes on the GPU
const updateParticles = Fn(() => {
  const i = instanceIndex;
  const pos = positionBuffer.element(i);
  const vel = velocityBuffer.element(i);
 
  vel.y.addAssign(gravityUniform.mul(deltaTime).negate());
  pos.addAssign(vel.mul(deltaTime));
 
  positionBuffer.element(i).assign(pos);
  velocityBuffer.element(i).assign(vel);
})().compute(PARTICLE_COUNT);

TSL (Three Shader Language): A JavaScript-based shader DSL supported in Three.js r171+. It's an abstraction layer that lets you leverage the WebGPU compute pipeline without needing to learn WGSL.

Three.js WebGPURenderer — One Line to Swap the Renderer

javascript

// Previous WebGL
// import { WebGLRenderer } from 'three';
// const renderer = new WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true });
 
// Switch to WebGPU — this is all you change
import WebGPURenderer from 'three/addons/renderers/common/WebGPURenderer.js';
 
const renderer = new WebGPURenderer({ antialias: true });
await renderer.init(); // WebGPU requires async initialization
 
document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);

Practical Application

Example 1: GPGPU Particle System (Three.js + TSL)

javascript

import * as THREE from 'three';
import WebGPURenderer from 'three/addons/renderers/common/WebGPURenderer.js';
// ※ The import path for StorageBufferAttribute may vary depending on the Three.js version
import StorageBufferAttribute from 'three/addons/renderers/common/StorageBufferAttribute.js';
import { Fn, instanceIndex, deltaTime, storage, float, If } from 'three/tsl';
 
const PARTICLE_COUNT = 100_000;
 
async function initGPGPU() {
  const renderer = new WebGPURenderer();
  await renderer.init();
 
  // scene and camera initialization omitted — same as standard Three.js scene setup
 
  // GPU storage buffers — resident in VRAM, not CPU memory
  const positions = new StorageBufferAttribute(
    new Float32Array(PARTICLE_COUNT * 4), 4
  );
  const velocities = new StorageBufferAttribute(
    new Float32Array(PARTICLE_COUNT * 4), 4
  );
 
  // Set initial data
  for (let i = 0; i < PARTICLE_COUNT; i++) {
    positions.setXYZW(i,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 10,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 10,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 10,
      1
    );
    velocities.setXYZW(i,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.1,
      Math.random() * 0.2,
      (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.1,
      0
    );
  }
 
  const posStorage = storage(positions, 'vec4', PARTICLE_COUNT);
  const velStorage = storage(velocities, 'vec4', PARTICLE_COUNT);
 
  const computeUpdate = Fn(() => {
    const i = instanceIndex;
    const pos = posStorage.element(i);
    const vel = velStorage.element(i);
 
    // Gravity + air resistance
    vel.y.addAssign(float(-9.8).mul(deltaTime));
    vel.mulAssign(float(0.999));
    pos.addAssign(vel.mul(deltaTime));
 
    // Floor collision
    If(pos.y.lessThan(-5), () => {
      pos.y.assign(-5);
      vel.y.assign(vel.y.negate().mul(0.6));
    });
 
    posStorage.element(i).assign(pos);
    velStorage.element(i).assign(vel);
  })().compute(PARTICLE_COUNT);
 
  // Connect compute results directly to the render pipeline without copying
  const geometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
  geometry.setAttribute('position', positions);
 
  const material = new THREE.PointsMaterial({ size: 0.02, color: 0x88ccff });
  const particles = new THREE.Points(geometry, material);
 
  function animate() {
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);
    renderer.compute(computeUpdate); // Update positions on the GPU
    renderer.render(scene, camera);  // Render directly from the updated buffer
  }
 
  animate();
}

Code Point	Description
`StorageBufferAttribute`	A GPU buffer allocated directly in VRAM. No CPU↔GPU copying
`renderer.compute()`	Executes the compute shader. Operates independently of rendering
`geometry.setAttribute('position', positions)`	Connects compute results to the render pipeline without copying
`deltaTime`	Built-in TSL variable. Essential for frame-rate-independent physics

Compute shaders aren't all WebGPU has to offer. The shaders themselves have changed significantly too, and writing a dissolve animation in TSL makes that difference tangible.

Example 2: Noise-Based Text Dissolve Animation (TSL)

javascript

import { MeshBasicNodeMaterial } from 'three/webgpu';
import {
  Fn, uniform, uv, time, vec4, vec3,
  mx_noise_float, smoothstep, mix
} from 'three/tsl';
 
const createDissolveShader = () => {
  const dissolveProgress = uniform(0); // 0 = original, 1 = fully dissolved
 
  const fragmentShader = Fn(() => {
    // uv is a built-in TSL node — no need to receive it as a parameter
    const noiseScale = uniform(5.0);
    const noiseValue = mx_noise_float(
      vec3(uv().mul(noiseScale), time.mul(0.5))
    );
 
    // Discard pixels based on noise threshold
    const threshold = dissolveProgress.add(noiseValue.mul(0.3));
    const alpha = smoothstep(threshold, threshold.add(0.1), noiseValue);
 
    // Edge glow effect — burning feel
    const edgeGlow = smoothstep(
      threshold.sub(0.05), threshold, noiseValue
    ).mul(vec4(0.3, 0.8, 1.0, 1.0)); // Cyan color glow
 
    return mix(vec4(1, 1, 1, alpha), edgeGlow, edgeGlow.w);
  });
 
  const material = new MeshBasicNodeMaterial();
  material.fragmentNode = fragmentShader;
  material.transparent = true;
 
  return { material, dissolveProgress };
};
 
// Animate the dissolve progress with GSAP
const { material, dissolveProgress } = createDissolveShader();
 
gsap.to(dissolveProgress, {
  value: 1,
  duration: 2,
  ease: 'power2.inOut'
});

uniform: A variable that passes values from the CPU to the GPU shader. Creating one with TSL's uniform() means that changing .value in JavaScript updates the shader parameter in real time.

Pros and Cons

Advantages

Item	Details
Dramatic performance gains	Based on byteiota benchmarks, roughly 10x more drawable objects in the same scene compared to WebGL (15,000 objects at 15FPS → 200,000 objects at 60FPS). Results vary by scene composition and hardware
Compute shaders	Physics and AI computation is fully offloaded from the main thread, preserving UI responsiveness
Zero-copy rendering	Compute results in VRAM are used directly for rendering without any CPU copy
Multithreaded command recording	Draw call overhead for complex scenes is distributed across multiple cores
W3C standard	Long-term API stability guaranteed. Low dependency on individual browser vendors

Disadvantages and Caveats

Item	Details	Mitigation
Browser compatibility	~70% global coverage as of 2026	Use WebGL 2 automatic fallback (provided by Three.js out of the box)
Learning curve	Requires understanding of GPU pipelines, buffer layouts, and shader concepts	Start with TSL, then gradually learn WGSL
No benefit for simple scenes	Limited gain when draw calls are few or shaders are simple	Apply only to highly parallel workloads like particles and simulations
Immature debugging tools	Small ecosystem of dedicated debuggers beyond Chrome DevTools	Use `webgpureport.org` to check per-device capabilities; rely on step-by-step logging
Mobile support	iOS requires Safari 26+, Android requires Chrome 121+ (Android 12+)	Fallback strategy is essential. Think carefully if mobile is your target

WGSL (WebGPU Shading Language): The official shader language for WebGPU. Inspired by Rust syntax, it has strong type safety and differs significantly from GLSL in syntax. If you use Three.js TSL, you don't need to write it directly.

The Most Common Mistakes in Practice

Writing WebGPU initialization as synchronous code — renderer.init() returns a Promise. If you set up the scene without await, draw calls fire before the renderer is ready and fail silently. After making this mistake once, you immediately grasp how critical it is to guarantee initialization order with async/await.
Keeping a structure that uploads GPU buffers from the CPU every frame — If you keep calling geometry.attributes.position.needsUpdate = true the WebGL way, you lose all the benefits of WebGPU. The key is to design from the start so animation data lives in VRAM via StorageBufferAttribute and is updated only by compute shaders.
Assigning too many threads to a single workgroup — Arbitrarily inflating the workgroup size, like @compute @workgroup_size(1024), exceeds limits on some GPUs. Most GPUs recommend 256–512 threads per workgroup, and you can check the per-device limit with device.limits.maxComputeInvocationsPerWorkgroup.

Closing Thoughts

Even if you don't have a project that needs large-scale particles right now, starting small today means you'll be able to respond much faster when performance issues arise later.

Check browser compatibility first — Visit webgpureport.org to see at a glance what WebGPU features and limits your current device supports. If you're on Chrome 113+ or Safari 26+, you can start right away.
Set up a blank WebGPU scene with Three.js r171 — Install with pnpm add three, then try getting a scene up with WebGPURenderer. If you have existing Three.js experience, swapping the renderer is all it takes to get your first WebGPU experience.
Take Wawa Sensei's GPGPU Particle Course — A free course that walks through React Three Fiber + TSL + WebGPU GPGPU step by step. If you're new to compute shaders, this order is the most natural path.

References

#WebGPU#ThreeJS#컴퓨트셰이더#GPGPU#TSL#WGSL#파티클시스템#WebGL#ReactThreeFiber#MSDF

Core Concepts

Why WebGPU Is Fundamentally Different from WebGL

Compute Shaders — This Is the Key

TSL — You Don't Have to Write WGSL Directly

Three.js WebGPURenderer — One Line to Swap the Renderer

Practical Application

Example 1: GPGPU Particle System (Three.js + TSL)

Example 2: Noise-Based Text Dissolve Animation (TSL)

Pros and Cons

Advantages

Disadvantages and Caveats

The Most Common Mistakes in Practice

Closing Thoughts

References

Core Concepts

Why WebGPU Is Fundamentally Different from WebGL

Compute Shaders — This Is the Key

TSL — You Don't Have to Write WGSL Directly

Three.js WebGPURenderer — One Line to Swap the Renderer

Practical Application

Example 1: GPGPU Particle System (Three.js + TSL)

Example 2: Noise-Based Text Dissolve Animation (TSL)

Pros and Cons

Advantages

Disadvantages and Caveats

The Most Common Mistakes in Practice

Closing Thoughts

References

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